Professor Rao is National Research Professor of India, President of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS), Chairman, Scientific Advisory Council to the Prime Minister, Member of the Atomic Energy Commission of India and Chairman, Indo-Japan Science Council. Professor Rao was President of the Indian National Science Academy (1985 - 1986), the Indian Academy of Sciences (1989 - 1991), the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1985 - 1997), the Indian Science Congress Association (1987-88), the Materials Research Society of India (1989 - 1991) and Chairman, Advisory Board of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (India). He was the Director of the Indian Institute of Science (1984 - 1994), Chairman of the Science Advisory Council to Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi (1985 - 1989) and Chairman, Scientific Advisory Committee to the Union Cabinet (1997 - 1998) and Albert Einstein Research Professor (1995 - 1999).
140 research papers and 39 books
Fellow of the Indian National Science Academy and the Indian Academy of Sciences, Professor Rao is a Fellow of the Royal Society, London; Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.; Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; French Academy of Sciences; Japan Academy as well as the Polish, Czechoslovakian, Serbian, Slovenian, Brazil, Spanish, Korean and African Academies and the American Philosophical Society. He is a Member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Foreign Member of Academia Europaea and Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.